Marks, Robert, "A Freer Market for Heroin in Australia: Alternatives to Subsidizing Organized Crime. References." The Journal of Drug Issues. 1990; 20(1): pp. 131-176.
Aaron, P. and D. Musto
1981 Temperance and prohibition in America: a historical overview. In M.H. Moore and D.R. Gerstein (eds.) Alcohol and Public Policy.Beyond the Shadow of Prohibition, Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.
Akcasu, A.
1976 A survey of the factors preventing opium use by poppy-growing peasants in Turkey, Bulletin on Narcotics, 28(2):13-17.
Akil, H.
1977 Opiates: biological mechanisms. In J.D. Barchas et al. (eds.) Psychopharmacology: From Theory to Practice, N.Y.: Oxford Univ. Press.
Ashley, R.
1972 Heroin: the Myth and the Facts, N.Y.: St. Martin's.
Australia. Parliament. Senate. Standing Committee on Welfare.
1979/80 Inquiry into the Use and Abuse of Medication Available Over the Counter or On Prescription, 1979-1980, Canberra: A.G.P.S.
Axelrod, R.
1986 An evolutionary approach to norms, American Political Science Review, 80(4):1095-1111.
Baldwin, R.
1987 The cost of methadone maintenance programs: a comparison between public hospital clinics and private practitioner program in New South Wales, Australian Drug & Alcohol Review, 6:185-193.
[Baume Report] Australia. Parliament. Senate Standing Committee on Social Welfare
1976/77 Continuing Oversight of the Drug-Use Problem, Extent and Nature of the Inappropriate Use of Alcohol, Tobacco, Narcotics and Other Drugs, Canberra: A.G.P.S.
Bellis, D.J.
1981 Heroin and Politicians. the Failure of Public Policy to Control Addiction in America, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.
Biernacki, P
1986 Pathways from Heroin Addiction: Recovery Without Treatment, Philadelphia: Temple Univ. Press.
Blewett, N.
1986 Statement by the Hon. Neal Blewett, MP, Australian Minister for Health, to the World Health Organization Conference on Drug Misuse, Lancaster House, London, March.
Brecher, E.M. and the Editors of Consumer Reports
1972 Licit and Illicit Drugs, Mount Vernon, NY: Consumers Union.
Brown, G.F., Jr. and L.P. Silverman
1974 The retail price of heroin: estimation and applications, J. American Statistical Association, 69:595-606.
Bush, R. and L. Scagliotti
1983 Programmes for opiate users at the criminal justice and health care interface: a systems analysis of the New South Wales experience, Autumn School Study on Alcohol & Drugs, Proceedings of Seminars, Sydney- 95-121.
Carney, T.
1981 The history of Australian drug laws: commercialism or confusion? Monash Uni. Law Review, 7:165-204.
Centre for Education and Information on Drugs and Alcohol of the New South Wales Dept. of Health (CEIDA)
1984 An Australian Handbook on Drug Use, Canberra: A.G.P.S. for the National Drug Education Program.
Chein, I.
1964 The Road to H.- Narcotics, Delinquency, and Social Policy, New York: Basic Books.
Coe, P.D.
1987 The social cost to Australia of AIDS, student paper, Australian Graduate School of Management, 12 August.
Commonwealth Department of Health
1986 Statistics on Drug Abuse in Australia (SDAA), Canberra: A.G.P.S.
[Costigan Report] Royal Commission on the Activities of the Federated Ship Painters and Dockers Union
1984 Final Report, Canberra: A.G.P.S.
Culyer, A.J.
1973 Should social policy concern itself with drug "abuse"? Public Finance Quarterly, 1:449-456.
Cunliffe, I.
1985 quoted in The Age, January 1.
Davies, S.
1986 Shooting Up.- Heroin Australia, Sydney: Hale& Iremonger.
Delong, J.V.
1972 Treatment and rehabilitation. In The Drug Abuse Survey Project, Dealing with Drug Abuse, New York: Praeger.
Dobinson, 1. and P. Ward
1985 Drugs and Crime: a Survey of NSW Prison Property Offenders 1984, Sydney- NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research.
Dole, V.P.
1980 Addictive behavior, Scientific American, 243(6):136-54.
Drew, L.R.H.
1979 Viewpoint: why are we concerned about illegal narcotic use? Australian and New Zealand J. of Psychiatry, 13:157-158.
Drew, L.R.H.
1982 Why are we concerned about drug use? New Doctor, 25:20-26. Sept.
[Durick Report] New South Wales Parliament Joint Committee upon Drugs.
1978 Report into Drug Abuses, Sydney: Government Printer for the New South Wales Parliamentary Joint Committee upon Drugs.
Egger, S.
1985 Drugs: high on commissions, Australia's debate on drugs runs largely on ignorance, Australian Society, April.
Elliott, I. D.
1982 Heroin: mythologies for law enforcers, Criminal Law J., 6:6-43.
Elliott, I.D.
1983 Heroin myths revisited: the Stewart Report, Criminal Law J., 7(6):333-345.
Elliott, I.D.
1985 personal communication.
Goldman, F.
1981 Drug abuse, crime, and economics: the dismal limits of social choice. In: J.A. Inciardi (ed.) The Drugs-Crime Connection: 155-181, Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Hardin, G.
1968 The tragedy of the commons, Science, 162:1243-1248, Dec.
Hartnoll, R.L., M.C. Mitcheson, A. Battersby, G. Brown, M. Ellis, P. Fleming and N. Hedley
1980 Evaluation of heroin maintenance in controlled trial, Archives of General Psychiatry, 37:877-883.
Holahan, J.F.
1972 The economics of heroin. In P.M. Wald et al. (eds.) Dealing with Drug Abuse, a Report to the Ford Foundation, N.Y.: Praeger.
Irving Saulwick and Associates
1985 Survey on Australian attitudes to drug abuse, Sydney Morning Herald, 11 April.
Irving Saulwick and Associates
1988 Free heroin scheme gets 35% support. Sydney Morning Herald, 7 July.
Jaffe, J.H. and W.R. Martin
1980 Opioid analgesics and antagonists. In Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, A. Gilman, L.S. Goodman, and A. Gilman (eds.), 6th edition, N.Y.: Macmillan.
Kaplan, J.
1983 The Hardest Drug. Heroin and Public Policy, Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.
Lasagna, L., J.M. von Felsinger and H.K. Beecher
1955 Drug-induced mood changes in man, 1: Observations on healthy subjects, chronically ill patients, and "postaddicts,", J. American Medical Association, 157(2):1006-20.
Lawrence, M.
1985 Drugs a top dollar industry, Sydney Morning Herald, March 16.
Leader-Elliott, I.D.
1986 Heroin in Australia: the costs and consequences of prohibition, J. Drug Issues, 16(2):131-152.
Lennings, C.J.
1981 The causes of heroin abuse: a review of some theories with special relevance to Australia, Australian Psychologist, 16(3):369-390, Nov.
Levinson, A.
1986 An Addict in the Family? Ringwood (Vic.): Penguin.
Lonie, J.
1979 A Social History of Drug Control in Australia, Adelaide: Royal Commission into the Non-Medical Use of Drugs.
Luger, M.
1983 Odyssey House treatment philosophy, Mental Health in Australia, 1(11):29-30.
Madden, J.S.
1987 The decline of long-term prescribing to opioid users in the United Kingdom, Editorial in the British J. Addictions, 82:457-459.
Marks, R.E.
1974 The heroin problem: policy alternatives in dealing with heroin use, Drug Issues, 4(1):69-91.
[Marriott Report] Australia. Parliament. Senate.
1971 Select Committee into Drug Trafficking and Drug Abuse, Report, Canberra: A.G.P.S.
McAuliffe, W.E.
1975 A second look at first effects: the subjective effects of opiates on non-addicts, J. Drug Issues, 5(4):369-99.
McAuliffe, W.E. and R.A. Gordon
1974 A test of Lindesmith's theory of addiction: the frequency of euphoria among long-term addicts, American J. of Sociology, 79(4):795-840.
McCoy, A.W.
1980 Drug Traffic: Narcotics and Organized Crime in Australia, Sydney: Harper & Row.
McGlothlin, W.H., M. Mubbashar, M. Shafique and P.H. Hughes
1978 Opium use in two communities in Pakistan - a preliminary comparison of rural and urban patterns, Bulletin on Narcotics, 30(4):1-15, October-December.
Meyers, E.J.
1980 American heroin policy: some alternatives. In The Drug Abuse Council, The Facts about "DrugAbuse", N.Y. Free Press.
Milner, G.
1976 Methadone, Medical J. of Australia, 2(15):551-553.
Moore,, M.H.
1976 Anatomy of the heroin problem: an exercise in problem definition, Policy Analysis, 2(4):639-662.
Moore, M.H.
1977 Buy and Bust. the Effective Regulation of an Illicit Market in Heroin, Lexington (Mass.): Lexington Books.
National Advisory Council on AIDS
1988 NACAIDS Working Party on HIV Infection and IV Drug Use: Report of a Workshop Held at the University of NSW, 4-5 February 1988, mimeo., Sydney- National Advisory Council on AIDS, March.
National Information Service on Drug Abuse (NISDA)
1985 Statistics on Drug Use in Australia, Canberra: Commonwealth Department of Health.
New South Wales Drug and Alcohol Authority
1986 Annual Report, Sydney. NSWDAA.
Packer, H.L.
1972 Decriminalizing heroin, New Republic, 166(23): 11-13, June 3.
Packer, H. and R. Newcombe
1987 Heroin use and acquisitive crime in an English community, British J. Sociology, 38(3):331-335.
Peyrot, M.
1984 Cycles of social problem development: the case of drug abuse, Sociological Quarterly, 25:83-96.
Preble, E. and T. Miller
1977 Methadone, wine and welfare. In R.S. Weppner (ed.) Street Ethnography. Selected Studies of Crime and Drug Use in Natural Settings, Beverly Hills: Sage.
[Rankin Report]
1981 New South Wales Committee of Inquiry into the Legal Provision of Heroin and Other Possible Methods of Diminishing Crime Associated with the Supply and Use of Heroin, Report, SydneyHealth Commission of NSW, Feb.
Reuter, P.
1984 The (continued) vitality of mythical numbers, Public Interest, 75: 135-145.
Robins, L.N.
1979 Addict careers. In R.L. DuPont, A. Goldstein and J. O'Donnell (eds.) Handbook on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Md.: National Institute on Drug Abuse.
Rosenthal, M.P.
1979 Partial prohibition of non-medical drug use: a proposal, J. Drug issues, 9(4): 437-489.
[Sackville Report] South Australia.
1979 Royal Commission into the Non-Medical Use of Drugs, Final Report, Adelaide: RCNMUD.
Sandland, R.L.
1986 Estimation of the Number of Heroin Users in NSW Using Police Arrest Data: Development of a Statistical Model, Sydney: NSW Drug & Alcohol Authority, Research Grant Report Series B 86/1, April.
Schelling, T.C.
1967 Economics and criminal enterprise, Public Interest, No. 7:61-78, Spring
Silverman, L.P. and N.L. Spruill
1977 Urban crime and the price of heroin, J. Urban Economics, 4:80-103.
[Stewart Report]
1983 Royal Commission of Inquiry into Drug Trafficking, Report, Canberra: A.G.P.S.
Staples, J.
1985 address to the seminar, Human Rights for Addicts, 25 September.
Stewart, D.G.
1984 The National Crime Authority, Police Life, December, 224-5.
Stimson, G.V.
1986 Frightening world of designer drugs, New Scientist, reprinted in the Australian, 7 March.
Stimson, G.V. and E. Oppenheimer
1982 Heroin Addiction: Treatment and Control in Britain, London: Tavistock.
Suwanwela, C., V. Poshyachinda, P. Tasanapradi and A. Dharmkrong-At
1978 The hill tribes of Thailand, their opium use and addiction, Bulletin on Narcotics, 30(2):1-19.
Swan, N.
1987 The drugs war has failed. The Health Report, broadcast on Radio National Australian Broadcasting Corporation, February 2, 9, 16.
Szasz, T.
1972 The ethics of addiction, J. Drug Issues, 2(l):42-.
Trebach, A.S.
1982 The Heroin Solution, New Haven: Yale Univ. P.
Waldorf, D. and P. Biernacki
1981 The natural recovery from opiate addiction: some preliminary findings, J. Drug Issues, 11(l):681-9.
Wardlaw, G.
1981 Drug use and crime in Australia, Australian J. of Social Issues, 16(1):37-46.
Wardlaw, G. (ed.)
1982 Summary of final session: Optimal policies for minimizing drug problems in Australia, Drug Trade and Drug Use, Proceedings of a Conference of October 22-24, 1980, Canberra: Australian Foundation on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence for A.N.U.
Wardlaw, G.
1986 Organized crime and drug enforcement. Proceedings of the Institute of Criminology, 67:17-34.
Watson, C.D. and J.M. Fleming
1988 Identification and Assessment of Drug Use and Abuse in Northern Territory Aboriginal Communities, Darwin: N.T. Dept. of Health and Community Services.
W.H.O.
1982 Nomenclature and classification of drug- and alcohol-related problems: a shortened version of a W.H.O. memorandum, British J. of Addictions, 77:10.
[William Report] Australia.
1980 Royal Commission of Inquiry into Drugs, Report, Canberra: A.G.P.S.
Willis, J.H.P.
1978 Drug addiction. In R. Duncan and M. Weston-Smith (eds.) The Encyclopedia of Ignorance, N.Y.: Wallaby.
Wodak, A.
1985 The treatment of heroin dependence: an overview, Proceedings of the Institute of Criminology, 65:2744.
Zacune, J.
1971 A comparison of Canadian narcotic addicts in Great Britain and Canada, Bulletin on Narcotics, 23(4):41-49.
Zinberg, N.E.
1979 Nonaddictive drug use. In R.L. DuPont, A. Goldstein and J. O'Donnell (eds.) Handbook on DrugAbuse, Rockville, Md.: National Institute on Drug Abuse.
About the Author
Robert Marks is with the Australian Graduate School of Management at the University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia. This is a revised version of a paper originally presented at the Fourteenth Conference of Economists The University of New South Wales 13-17 May 1985. The author wishes to acknowledge the helpful comments of L.R.H. Drew, Ian D. Elliott, and Alex Wodak; all responsibility, of course, remains his.
Copyrighted material. Reprinted by permission.
|